I play Shaman since 2 years and I want to share this little guide about Totems, written by me right now (so it can't be a repost). Ok, it contains some basic and obvious things, but I'm just trying to help new Shamans.
PVE: SOLOING
If you are soloing a single mob, don't bother putting totems: they are a waste of mana. You may want to put only Searing Totem since you kill the mob faster and it cost only 205 mana at level 70.
However, if there are a large amount of mobs and you want to pull 2+ of them, you should put:
- Healing Stream Totem
- Grace of Air Totem if you are Enhancement, or Wrath of Air Totem if you are Elemental or Resto
Then pull the mobs with Chain Lightning. When they are near you, put (in these order):
- Stoneclaw Totem
- Fire Nova Totem
If you put only Fire Nova, mobs will see and kill it immediately, so it's better to use Stoneclaw. After Fire Nova has detonated, put Magma Totem to do additional AOE.
If you are going to kill an elite (without adds), put:
- Healing Stream Totem (or Mana Spring Totem if you think that it will be a very long fight)
- Grace of Air Totem if you are Enhancement, or Wrath of Air Totem if you are Elemental or Resto
- Strength of Earth Totem if you are Enhancement, or Stoneskin Totem if you are Elemental or Resto
- Searing Totem
Remember keep always Searing Totem up. Put also Grounding Totem if the elite do some spells like Fireball.
PVE: INSTANCES
First thing: never, ever use any fire totem (Searing, Magma and Fire Nova) if there are CCs in your group. You don't want to break CCs and die. You can use these totems against bosses or single mobs.
If you are the healer, put Mana Spring Totem; otherwise put Healing Stream Totem (unless the healer tell you that he prefer Mana Spring). BTW if you heal remember to keep Water Shield on you and Earth Shield on tank ALL the times.
For Earth Totems, Strenght of Earth is the best for Instances. If there are another Shaman in your group, you will put Strenght of Earth and he will put Stoneskin.
For Air Totems, you may want to put Windfury, Grace of Air or Wrath of Air, based on your group. If it is full of melee put the first one, if there are hunters put the seconds and if there are many casters put the third. Be prepared to use Grounding Totem against certain bosses like Talon King Ikiss (SH), that can polymorph.
Never use Tranquil Air Totem, even if mobs are on you: it reduces the threat of ALL party, including tank. In three words: it does nothing. You can use it only if you are in raid and your group (only your group) has trouble with aggro.
If mobs are doing poisons or diseases quite often (like in Wailing Caverns or Maraudon), use the Cleansing Totems instead of dispel those stuffs one by one with your normal Remove spell.
Last but not least, use Elementals Totems (and Bloodlust/Heroism) against bosses or when there are big pulls. Remember: Earth is the tank and Fire is the DPS. And always heal them!
PVP
In PvP, the most common totem is Earthbind. It can ALWAYS help, both if you are caster (Elemental or Resto) and you want to keep melee far or if you are melee (Enhancement) and you don't want to let casters run away. You can use Frost Shock too. Against Warlocks and Priests you should use Tremor Totem, this is obvious.
About Fire Totems, just put Searing Totem againt ALL classes. It's very annoying, trust me. Against Rogues, you should put Magma Totem, since it breaks Stealth. Against Frost Mages, you can use Frost Resistance Totem if you want.
About Water, you can put:
- Healing Stream
- Mana Spring if you think that it will be a long fight (e.g against healers)
- Poison Cleansing against Rogues and Hunters (stings are poisons)
And about Air, put Grace of Air or Wrath of Air (it depends on your spec) against melee. Against casters, ALWAYS use Grounding Totem: it can absorb almost everything from Fireball to Fear to Polymorph to Counterspell. And remember: NEVER, EVER heal yourself without Grounding Totem down if you are fighting a Mage or a Shaman. They will simply do Counterspell or Earth Shock and you will die.
I hope it helps.