1) is this built-into the wow.exe? or a .dll that is loaded and runs with it?
Downloaded and allocated into memory each time you select a realm
2) does it scan the .exe? if so, just at the beginning or over and over while playing?
Every 15 seconds at very most
3) does it scan for anything else? any info appreciated
Module name hashes, signature scans, and possibly window name/process's. (I think the windowname/process scan was removed)
regarding what can be modified:
1) what is client sided?
Jump Height, Speed, etc
2) can spell cooldowns be modified? (for instance you can't use your rez stone as warlock for a bit after you use it)
No
3) can you speed up spell casting times?
No
4) can you teleport?
Yes, but no i can't tell you how
regarding bot making:
1) how would one gather the x,y,z if self as well as other NPC's and your pets? is there a code segment that can be captured for this?
Have a look at my Object Dumper in the Memory Editing forum
2) same for minerals, etc.?
Yes
3) are there any known addresses or pointers (perhaps a link to this) of current version of game for (player x,y,z health current targeted enemy x,y,z health etc.)
If you do a quick search for WoW Framework you'll find a framework i released, which allows you to read such values.
regarding what can be used to access the game:
1) can cheat engine or any other memory searchers be safely used? if so how? does the game check for these only at the beginning when it launches?
As far as i know, you need a hidden cheat engine. I don't use it.
2) can ollydbg be safely used? if so is there a specific way to use it?
Yes, although having a stealth plugin wouldn't hurt
3) can breakpoints be used? if so just hardware only?
Yes, depending on where you place them. Warden scans some functions which are publicly hooked