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An
exploit (from the same word in the
French language, meaning "achievement", or "accomplishment") is a piece of
software, a chunk of data, or sequence of commands
that take advantage of a bug, glitch or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer software, hardware, or something electronic (usually computerized). This frequently includes such things as violently gaining control of a computer system or allowing
privilege escalation or a
denial of service attack.
from Wikipedia.